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Target 12.2

Resource use

target 12.2

By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources.

Indicator 12.2.1

Material footprint, material footprint per capita, and material footprint per GDP.

Domestic Material Consumption (DMC) and Material Footprint (MF) cover the two aspects of the economy, production and consumption. DMC reports the amount of materials that are directly used within a national economy. These include materials extracted in the country, plus those directly imported through trade of goods and services, minus those directly exported to other countries. MF provides an additional perspective by taking into account materials required across the whole global supply chain to produce a good/service and attributing them to the final demand. A country can, for instance have a very high DMC because it has a large primary production sector for export, while its final demand for materials might be relatively low. Conversely, a country may have a very low DMC because it has outsourced most of the material intensive industrial processes to other countries, while domestic consumers maintain a high level of demand for goods and services. MF corrects for both phenomena and ensures that material flows underpinning a country’s consumption, but that largely take place in other countries’ territories (and cause environmental impacts there), are attributed to the final consumers.

Related SDGs

Global and Regional Progress

Custodian Agencies

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

The UN Environment Programme (UNEP) has been promoting the shift to Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP) patterns for the past two decades. It is the custodian agency responsible for 8 out of 12 indicators under SDG 12.

UNEP guides policy development for SCP through its global frameworks, networks, programmes and partnerships, through knowledge-sharing and facilitating access to science, policy guidance, technical tools and best practices.

UNEP contributes to SDG 12.2, “achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources”, by strengthening and communicating the knowledge and scientific base for resource efficiency and SCP. This includes scientific information on natural resource use and “decoupling opportunities” as a basis for evidence-based policymaking.

Additionally, UNEP works on strengthening the sound management of chemicals and waste by supporting parties to the multilateral environmental agreements to meet their respective obligations. This work supports SDG 12.4 ‘achieve the environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes in order to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment.’ UNEP also hosts the secretariats for several waste and chemicals-related multilateral environmental agreements and implements initiatives targeting various types of waste, including food waste and hazardous waste and chemicals.

As part of its actions towards SDG 12.6, “Encourage companies to adopt sustainable practices and to integrate sustainability information into their reporting cycle.”, UNEP collaborates with the private sector in partnerships promoting innovation, technological solutions and financing to tackle our most pressing global environmental challenges. UNEP fosters partnerships with business and industry to promote green investments and apply sustainable business practices across value chains. It also promotes and builds capacity in corporate sustainability reporting.

UNEP Science Division

  • SDG Unit
  • United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
  • unep-science-sdgs@un.org

The International Resource Panel (IRP)

The International Resource Panel (IRP) is a global science-policy platform established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to build and share knowledge needed to improve our use of natural resources. It includes scientists and governments from both developed and developing regions, civil society, industrial and international organizations. It is the custodian agency for SDG 12.2 “By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources”.

The Panel’s goal is to steer us away from overconsumption, waste and ecological harm to a more prosperous and sustainable future. The IRP investigates the world’s most critical resource issues with a view to supporting all stakeholders to improve resource efficiency - a necessary condition to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. For instance, in 2019 it launched the Global Resources Outlook 2019, which analysed the impacts of our growing resource use, and aimed to develop coherent scenario projections for resource efficiency and sustainable production and consumption that decouple economic growth from environmental degradation.

After UNEA4, the IRP joined forces with the One Planet network and formed a task force dedicated to releasing a report on the Value Chain Approach. The aim of this report is to make sustainable consumption and production more actionable, and provides specific analysis regarding the construction, agri-food and textile sectors.

Responsible for:

IRP

  • IRP Secretariat
  • The International Resource Panel (IRP)
  • unep-irpsecretariat@un.org

Guidance material

Metadata
alt

Metadata 12.2.1

Download
Database

Global Material Flows Database

External source
Guidelines and Manuals

The use of natural resources in the economy: A Global Manual on Economy Wide Material Flow Accounting

External source
E-Learning

Online Course: Environmental SDG Indicators

External source

Related resources

Indicator 12.2.2

Domestic material consumption, domestic material consumption per capita, and domestic material consumption per GDP.

Domestic Material Consumption (DMC) and Material Footprint (MF) cover the two aspects of the economy, production and consumption. DMC reports the amount of materials that are directly used within a national economy. These include materials extracted in the country, plus those directly imported through trade of goods and services, minus those directly exported to other countries. MF provides an additional perspective by taking into account materials required across the whole global supply chain to produce a good/service and attributing them to the final demand. A country can, for instance have a very high DMC because it has a large primary production sector for export, while its final demand for materials might be relatively low. Conversely, a country may have a very low DMC because it has outsourced most of the material intensive industrial processes to other countries, while domestic consumers maintain a high level of demand for goods and services. MF corrects for both phenomena and ensures that material flows underpinning a country’s consumption, but that largely take place in other countries’ territories (and cause environmental impacts there), are attributed to the final consumers.

Related SDGs

Global and Regional Progress

Custodian Agencies

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

The UN Environment Programme (UNEP) has been promoting the shift to Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP) patterns for the past two decades. It is the custodian agency responsible for 8 out of 12 indicators under SDG 12.

UNEP guides policy development for SCP through its global frameworks, networks, programmes and partnerships, through knowledge-sharing and facilitating access to science, policy guidance, technical tools and best practices.

UNEP contributes to SDG 12.2, “achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources”, by strengthening and communicating the knowledge and scientific base for resource efficiency and SCP. This includes scientific information on natural resource use and “decoupling opportunities” as a basis for evidence-based policymaking.

Additionally, UNEP works on strengthening the sound management of chemicals and waste by supporting parties to the multilateral environmental agreements to meet their respective obligations. This work supports SDG 12.4 ‘achieve the environmentally sound management of chemicals and all wastes in order to minimize their adverse impacts on human health and the environment.’ UNEP also hosts the secretariats for several waste and chemicals-related multilateral environmental agreements and implements initiatives targeting various types of waste, including food waste and hazardous waste and chemicals.

As part of its actions towards SDG 12.6, “Encourage companies to adopt sustainable practices and to integrate sustainability information into their reporting cycle.”, UNEP collaborates with the private sector in partnerships promoting innovation, technological solutions and financing to tackle our most pressing global environmental challenges. UNEP fosters partnerships with business and industry to promote green investments and apply sustainable business practices across value chains. It also promotes and builds capacity in corporate sustainability reporting.

UNEP Science Division

  • SDG Unit
  • United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
  • unep-science-sdgs@un.org

The International Resource Panel (IRP)

The International Resource Panel (IRP) is a global science-policy platform established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to build and share knowledge needed to improve our use of natural resources. It includes scientists and governments from both developed and developing regions, civil society, industrial and international organizations. It is the custodian agency for SDG 12.2 “By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources”.

The Panel’s goal is to steer us away from overconsumption, waste and ecological harm to a more prosperous and sustainable future. The IRP investigates the world’s most critical resource issues with a view to supporting all stakeholders to improve resource efficiency - a necessary condition to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. For instance, in 2019 it launched the Global Resources Outlook 2019, which analysed the impacts of our growing resource use, and aimed to develop coherent scenario projections for resource efficiency and sustainable production and consumption that decouple economic growth from environmental degradation.

After UNEA4, the IRP joined forces with the One Planet network and formed a task force dedicated to releasing a report on the Value Chain Approach. The aim of this report is to make sustainable consumption and production more actionable, and provides specific analysis regarding the construction, agri-food and textile sectors.

Responsible for:

Guidance material

Database

Global Material Flows Database

External source
Metadata
alt

Metadata 12.2.2

Download
Guidelines and Manuals

The use of natural resources in the economy: A Global Manual on Economy Wide Material Flow Accounting

External source
E-Learning

Online Course: Environmental SDG Indicators

External source

Related resources